The branch of drugs dedicated to diagnosing, treating and researching cancer is understood as oncology, while a physician who works within the field is named an oncologist. The oncologists focus on the particular cancer types or treatments. counting on the sort, stage and site of a cancer, multiple oncology specialists could also be involved during a patient’s care. the sector of oncology has three main specialties—medical, surgical and radiation—and numerous sub-specialties.
A medical oncologist may be a licensed physician (typically in internal medicine) trained in diagnosing, staging and treating cancer. The treatment can include surgery, immunotherapy, chemotherapy, targeted therapy or hormone therapy, while also coordinating with other oncology specialists and clinicians who may have a task within the patient’s care. A medical oncologist is additionally the doctor a cancer patient will still see after treatment, for checkups over the long-term. A surgical oncologist may be a surgeon who focuses on performing biopsies and removing cancerous tumors and surrounding tissue, also as other cancer-related operations.
A radiation oncologist focuses on treating cancer with radiotherapy to shrink or destroy cancer cells or to ease cancer-related symptoms. Many types of the cancer can be cured or treated by an oncology sub-specialty. A neuro-oncologist helps to cure or treats brain cancers, spine and peripheral nerves.
Bone marrow transplant
A bone marrow transplant may be a procedure that infuses healthy blood-forming stem cells into your body to exchange your damaged or diseased bone marrow. A bone marrow transplant is additionally called a somatic cell transplant.
You might need a bone marrow transplant if your bone marrow stops working and doesn’t produce enough healthy blood cells.
Bone marrow transplants uses cells from their own body which is also called autologous transplant or if in case from a donor is called allogeneic transplant.
A bone marrow transplant could also be used to:
To treat safely in the condition with high doses of chemotherapy and the radiation therapy by replacing/rescuing the bone marrow damaged by treatment
To replace the damaged bone marrow with new stem cell
Provide new stem cells, which may help kill cancer cells directly.Bone marrow transplants can benefit people with a spread of both cancerous (malignant) and non-cancerous (benign) diseases, including:
leukemia
Adrenoleukodystrophy
Aplastic anaemia
Bone marrow failure syndromes
leukemia
Hemoglobinopathies
Hodgkin’s lymphoma
Immune deficiencies
Inborn errors of metabolism
Myeloma
Myelodysplastic syndromes
Neuroblastoma
Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma
Plasmacyte disorders
POEMS syndrome
Primary amyloidosis
A bone marrow transplant poses numerous risks. In this people can experience minimum type of the problems with a bone marrow transplant, while in others can have serious complications that need treatment or hospitalization. Sometimes, complications are life-threatening.
Your particular risks depend upon many factors, including the disease or condition that caused you to wish a transplant, the sort of transplant, and your age and overall health. Possible complications from a bone marrow transplant include:
Graft-versus-host disease (allogeneic transplant only)
somatic cell (graft) failure
Organ damage
Infections
Cataracts
Infertility
New cancers
Death